All that said, let’s return to Excel 12, and take a look at what the PivotTable Field List looks like when connected to an Analysis Services 2005 model.

我们说了那么多，让我们回到Excel 12，看看当连接到Analysis Services 2005模型时数据透视表的字段清单长什么样。

Measure groups
When connected to Analysis Services, a PivotTable exposes three types of fields – “measures”, or the numbers (like “sales” and “profit”) that appear on your PivotTables, as well as “KPIs” and “dimensions” (both discussed below). Measures can be grouped together in Analysis Services (by the person that designs the model) into something called “measure groups”. In the Excel 12 field list, each measure group has a “sigma” icon to communicate to the user that the fields in the group are numerical and that they belong in the Values area of the PivotTable. Measure groups essentially represent different sets of business metrics available for analysis; typically a measure group contains related measures from the same business application. In the image below, the Exchange Rates measure group folder is open and there are two measures listed which can be added to the PivotTable – Average Rate and End of Day Rate.
衡量组合
当连接到Analysis Services时，数据透视表会显示三类字段——“衡量”，或者数字（如“销售”和“利润”），还有“KPIs”和“维度”（下面都会讨论）。衡量可以在Analysis Services里组合（由设计该模型的人）为名叫“衡量组合”的东西。在Excel 12字段清单里，每个衡量都有一个“西格马”图标，告诉用户该组合里的字段是数字型的，并且它们都属于数据透视表中的数值区域。衡量组合本质上代表不同的分析可用的业务方法（译者：作者经常提到Business Metrics，不明所以，暂且译为业务方法）；衡量组合通常包含来自相同业务软件的相关衡量。在下面的图像上，Exchange Rates衡量组合是开启的，有两个衡量，它们可以添加到数据透视表——Average Rate和End of Day Rate。

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)
Below the measure group folders are is a KPI folder (assuming KPIs have been defined in an Analysis Services model). This folder contains Key Performance Indicators defined on the Analysis Services server. (Key Performance Indicators are a big subject unto themselves – for the sake of this article, suffice to say that they track key business metrics and that they are defined in Analysis Services). The different components of a KPI (Value, Goal, Status and Trend) can be added to the Values area of the PivotTable so you can track the latest values of your key business metrics. Here is a screenshot of the KPIs folder … in the image, the Product Gross Margins KPI is open and all you have to do to add the Value, Goal, Status or Trend of the KPI to the PivotTable is to check the checkbox next to it.
关键性能指标（KPIs）
在衡量组合文件夹下面是一个KPI文件夹（假设KPIs已经在Analysis Services模型里定义了）。该文件夹包含在Analysis Services服务器上定义的关键性能指标。（关键性能指标对它们自己来说是个大主题——为了这篇文章，足可以说它们追踪关键业务方法，它们在Analysis Services上已定义好）。KPI的不同成员（数值，目标，现状和趋势）可以添加到数据透视表的数值区域，这样你就可以在你的关键业务方法中追踪最新的数值。这是KPI文件夹的截屏……在该图片里，Product Gross Margins KPI是开启的，所有你需要做的只是勾选KPI里的Value，Goal，Status或者Trend旁边的勾选框，将它们添加到数据透视表里。

KPIs in PivotTables are quite interesting – I’ll cover PivotTable KPI support in more detail in an upcoming post.
数据透视表里的KPI是很有趣的——我将在即将发表的文章中更详细地叙述数据透视表的KPI支持。

Dimensions
Finally, the dimensions of the Analysis Services model are listed in the PivotTable field list. (Dimensions are the different attributes that you can use to slice and dice your data, like time, geography, customer, product, etc.) In the screenshot below, the Customer dimension folder is open and you can see the customer-related fields available in the Analysis Services model.
维度
最后，Analysis Services模型的维度列在数据透视表的字段清单里。（维度是一些不同的属性，你可以用来将你的数据分成片断，例如时间，地区，消费者，产品，等等。）在下面的截屏中，Customer维度文件夹是开启的，你可以看到Analysis Services模型中与消费者相关的字段。

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